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Automatic Plant Watering System Circuit with Working

January 20, 2015 by Tarun Agarwal 10 Comments

Automatic Plant Watering System

Automatic Plant Watering System

Nowadays, many people are facing a lot of problems watering the plants in the garden, especially when they are away from home. In such cases, watering plants become difficult as they are involved in other works. Without losing their time and efforts, many people can avail a better option in the form of an automatic plant watering system that helps watering the plants in the garden. This automatic plant watering system senses soil moisture, and then automatically switches the pump when the power is available. A proper use of the water to the plants is most important due to lack of rain and shortage of water. For this reason, we use this automatic plant watering system as it is very useful in all climatic conditions.

Automatic Plant Watering System Circuit

The circuit below shows a simple automatic plant watering system for automatically watering your gardens, plants, etc. Frequently, we cannot set the time for watering the plants due to which the soil of the plants becomes dry. So, for a proper care, we have to water the plants whenever the soil gets dry. This circuit contains two probes, which will sense the moisture of the soil and switch on the relay at the specific value of dryness. You can connect any sprinkler system or pump with the relay to switch the circuit on automatically to water the plants.

Automatic Plant Watering System Circuit

Automatic Plant Watering System Circuit

This circuit uses two transistors that work as switches. If the probes do not sense the moisture in the soil, then the resistance between the two probes will increase due to which the transistor Q1 will switch on. If the transistor switches on, it will provide the required voltage at the base terminal of the transistor to make a switch on, then the relay will become activated.

The variable resistor 50k is used to adjust the circuit  to switch ON the relay on the required level of dryness. This circuit operates with 6,9, or 12 volts DC. Instead of the probes, you can use any steel nail, wire or similar material. For best performance, put the probes few inches under the soil and maintain some distance between them.

Automatic Plant Watering System’s Block Diagram

The power supply includes a step-down transformer that steps down the voltage to 12V AC. This AC voltage is converted into a DC using a bridge rectifier, and then regulates 5V using a voltage regulator.This voltage is used for the operation of the microcontroller.

The block diagram of this automatic plant watering system includes 3 main gears, namely a microcontroller, a motor-driver circuit and a sensor circuit. When the sensor circuit senses the soil condition, it compares it with the reference voltage 5v. This process is done by a 555 timer.

Automatic Plant Watering System Block Diagram

Automatic Plant Watering System Block Diagram

When the condition of the soil is < 5V, then the soil condition is considered as dry and immediately the 555 timer sends the logic signal 1 to the microcontroller. Then the  microcontroller turns on the motor driver circuit and reminds the motor to pump water to the plants. When the soil condition is >5V, the soil becomes wet. Then the 555 timer sends the logic signal 0 to the microcontroller; this turns off the motor driver circuit. Finally, the condition of the motor and soil are shown on the LCD display.

For better understanding of this automatic plant watering system, the project of an Automatic Irrigation System on Sensing Soil Moisture Content is explained below.

Automatic Irrigation System on Sensing Soil Moisture Content

The main goal of this project is to design an automatic irrigation system in the field of agriculture.

The required components are: 8051 series microcontroller, Op-Amp, Relay, water pump, Diodes, Voltage Regulator, Capacitors, Resistors, Led, Crystal, and Transistor.

Automatic Irrigation System Block Diagram by Edgefxkits.com

Automatic Irrigation System Block Diagram by Edgefxkits.com

The power supply consists of a step-down transformer, which steps down the voltage to 12VAC. By using a bridge rectifier, this AC is converted to DC, then it is regulated to 5V using a voltage regulator which is used for the operation of the microcontroller.

The proposed system comprises three main components, namely an 8051 microcontroller, comparator and relay. This project uses an 8051 microcontroller which is programmed with Keil software. When the arrangement of the sensor senses the moisture of the soil, then it sends the command to the microcontroller by using a comparator. Here, the comparator acts as an interface between the sensing arrangement and the microcontroller. The arrangement of the sensor is made by using two stiff metal rods, that are placed into the field at a distance. Once the microcontroller receives the signal it generates the output that drives a relay and reminds the motor to pump water to the plants. The status of the water pump and soil is displayed on the LCD, which is interfaced to the microcontroller.

Automatic Irrigation System Project Kit by  by Edgefxkits.com

Automatic Irrigation System Project Kit by by Edgefxkits.com

Thus, this automatic plant-irrigation system depends on the output of the humidity sensors. Whenever there is a need of excess water in the desired fields, then it is impossible to use sensor technology. But, by using DTMF technology, we will be able to irrigate the desired field in desired quantity.

This is all about an automatic plant watering system with circuit and block diagrams. We hope that you might have got a better understanding about this concept. Furthermore, for any queries regarding this article or electronics projects, please approach us by commenting in the comment section below

Post Views: 11,080

Filed Under: Electrical, Sensor Based

About Tarun Agarwal

Tarun Agarwal is the Chief Customer Support Officer at Edgefx Technologies Pvt Ltd. He has 8 years of experience in Customer Support, Operations and Administration.

Comments

  1. faizan says

    February 18, 2015 at 5:37 AM

    sir 2n4401 is not available if i use 2n3904 then it will work …..nd second i want this circuit on when my soil moisture is 40%

    Reply
    • Tarun Agarwal says

      February 19, 2015 at 9:16 PM

      Hi Faizan, Sorry we do not have your project. Please follow the link: http://www.edgefxkits.com/soil-moisture-sensed-auto-irrigation-system to see if anything near your requirements can be met. Please check the website for complete details in the kit content section: http://www.edgefxkits.com/kitdetails/ and go through the FAQ: http://www.edgefxkits.com/contact-us/#faq. Further if you have any queries you can call us on the toll free no. 1800 108 7475 for clarifications/personal counseling. Raji (Mobile: +91 9959178000)

      Reply
  2. faizan says

    February 18, 2015 at 5:39 AM

    plzz suggest me a circuit when is set the time like alarm my circuit will be on ….but my circuit on limit max 2 min

    Reply
    • Tarun Agarwal says

      February 19, 2015 at 9:16 PM

      Hi Faizan, Sorry we do not have your project. Please follow the link: http://www.edgefxkits.com/soil-moisture-sensed-auto-irrigation-system to see if anything near your requirements can be met. Please check the website for complete details in the kit content section: http://www.edgefxkits.com/kitdetails/ and go through the FAQ: http://www.edgefxkits.com/contact-us/#faq. Further if you have any queries you can call us on the toll free no. 1800 108 7475 for clarifications/personal counseling. Raji (Mobile: +91 9959178000)

      Reply
  3. PRANAY says

    December 12, 2016 at 10:03 PM

    CAn you post a working video of project ??
    Where can I Buy this project kit ??

    Thanks

    Reply
    • Tarun Agarwal says

      January 27, 2017 at 2:14 AM

      Hi Pranay
      Thank you so much for your feedback
      Please refer the links below for your requirement
      http://www.efxkits.com/catalogsearch/result/?cat=&q=irrigation
      And once again please visit our international website http://www.efxkits.com/
      For more details please contact to Mr. Niranjan on +91 9908518885 or you can email us on info@edgefxkits.in

      Reply
  4. Charithra says

    May 17, 2017 at 11:11 PM

    Hey! I’m doing the same project.Can you please suggest how to select pump specifications….

    Reply
    • Tarun Agarwal says

      June 28, 2017 at 4:31 AM

      Hi Charithra
      Thank you so much for your feedback
      And once again please visit our International website http://www.efxkits.com/
      For more details please contact to Mr. Niranjan on +91 9908518885 or you can email us on info@edgefxkits.in

      Reply
  5. Nita says

    July 17, 2017 at 7:50 AM

    I want to buy automatic irrigation water system kit

    Reply
    • Tarun Agarwal says

      September 13, 2017 at 3:07 AM

      Hi Nita
      I sincerely appreciate your kind response regarding my article
      Please refer the link for your requirement:http://www.efxkits.com/catalogsearch/result/?cat=&q=irrigation
      And once again please visit our International website http://www.efxkits.com/
      For more details please contact to Mr. Niranjan on +91 9908518885 or you can email us on info@edgefxkits.in

      Reply

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